{"id":77323,"date":"2023-03-02T12:02:29","date_gmt":"2023-03-02T11:02:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.visiativ.ch\/blog\/comment-generer-un-certificat-auto-signe\/"},"modified":"2024-04-08T11:44:20","modified_gmt":"2024-04-08T09:44:20","slug":"comment-generer-un-certificat-auto-signe","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.visiativ.ch\/fr\/blog\/comment-generer-un-certificat-auto-signe\/","title":{"rendered":"Comment g\u00e9n\u00e9rer un certificat auto-sign\u00e9?"},"content":{"rendered":"<article id=\"post-119137\" class=\"cf post-119137 news type-news status-publish has-post-thumbnail hentry kinds-trucs-et-astuces-ch_fr\" role=\"article\">\n<section class=\"entry-content cf\">\n<div class=\"the-content\">\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><script type=\"text\/javascript\" src=\"https:\/\/p.visiativ.com\/dcjs\/185642\/414\/dc.js\"><span data-mce-type=\"bookmark\" style=\"display: inline-block; width: 0px; overflow: hidden; line-height: 0;\" class=\"mce_SELRES_start\">&#65279;<\/script><\/p>\n<p>Un certificat &eacute;lectronique permet de s&rsquo;assurer de l&rsquo;identit&eacute; d&rsquo;un interlocuteur. Le format le plus utilis&eacute; pour les certificats num&eacute;riques est le <strong>X.509<\/strong>. Celui-ci repose sur une hi&eacute;rarchie d&rsquo;autorit&eacute; de certifications. Dans le syst&egrave;me X.509, une autorit&eacute; de certification attribue un certificat liant une cl&eacute; publique &agrave; un nom distinctif. Il est possible de se passer d&rsquo;autorit&eacute; de certification pour g&eacute;n&eacute;rer un certificat, malgr&eacute; le fait que ce type de certificat dits auto-sign&eacute;s soient d&eacute;conseill&eacute;s et deviennent par d&eacute;faut non accept&eacute; par la plupart des applications et navigateurs internet.<\/p>\n<p>Nous allons ici d&eacute;tailler comment g&eacute;n&eacute;rer un<strong> tel certificat<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"section-0\" class=\"mod--anchor-scroller anchor-final acf-section\">\n<h2 class=\"h3 section-title\">&Eacute;tape 1<\/h2>\n<div class=\"acf-row\">\n<div class=\"acf-cell size-1\">\n<div class=\"free-content\">\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Premi&egrave;re &eacute;tape, t&eacute;l&eacute;charger un programme permettant la g&eacute;n&eacute;ration de certificat tel que <strong>openssl<\/strong>, disponible &agrave; l&rsquo;adresse web suivante&nbsp;:<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"all-columns\">\n<div class=\"one-half first\">\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><a class=\"btn-5\" href=\"https:\/\/www.openssl.org\/source\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">pour Linux<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"one-half\">\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><a class=\"btn-5\" href=\"https:\/\/slproweb.com\/products\/Win32OpenSSL.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">pour Windows<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"section-1\" class=\"mod--anchor-scroller anchor-final acf-section\">\n<h2 class=\"h3 section-title\">&Eacute;tape 2<\/h2>\n<div class=\"acf-row\">\n<div class=\"acf-cell size-1\">\n<div class=\"free-content\">\n<p>Installer l&rsquo;application OpenSSL et configurer les variables d&rsquo;environnement afin de pouvoir trouver l&rsquo;application OpenSSL ainsi que son fichier de configuration, afin de pouvoir les appeler de mani&egrave;re relative et non absolue.<br>\nSoit de mani&egrave;re temporaire dans la console en entrant les deux commandes suivantes&nbsp;:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>&gt;set OPENSSL_CONF=C:Program FilesOpenSSLbinopenssl.cfg<\/strong><br>\n<strong>&gt;set Path=C:Program FilesOpenSSLbin<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Soit de mani&egrave;re permanente en ajoutant cela dans les propri&eacute;t&eacute;s du syst&egrave;me:<\/p>\n<p>Apr&egrave;s avoir ouvert l&rsquo;application <em>sysdm.cpl<\/em>, dans le lanceur d&rsquo;application Windows (&lsquo;Windows&rsquo; + &lsquo;R&rsquo;), sous l&rsquo;onglet Avanc&eacute;, v<em>ariable d&rsquo;environnement<\/em>, ajouter les m&ecirc;mes variables &laquo;&nbsp;OPENSSL_CONF&nbsp;&raquo; et &laquo;&nbsp;Path&nbsp;&raquo;.<\/p>\n<p>Si la deuxi&egrave;me &eacute;tape s&rsquo;est bien d&eacute;roul&eacute;e, la commande openssl sera reconnue.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"section-2\" class=\"mod--anchor-scroller anchor-final acf-section\">\n<h2 class=\"h3 section-title\">&Eacute;tape 3<\/h2>\n<div class=\"acf-row\">\n<div class=\"acf-cell size-1\">\n<div class=\"free-content\">\n<p>Cr&eacute;er le certificat autosign&eacute;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>openssl req -x509 -newkey rsa:4096 -keyout key.pem -out cert.pem -sha256 -days 1000<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Cette commande permet de g&eacute;n&eacute;rer les certificats mais certaines informations sont encore demand&eacute;es comme le mot de passe permettant d&rsquo;acc&eacute;der &agrave; la cl&eacute; priv&eacute;e, le nom du pays, de la province, l&rsquo;adresse &eacute;lectronique de la personne &eacute;mettant le certificat, etc.<\/p>\n<p>Cette commande cr&eacute;&eacute; deux nouveaux fichiers dans le r&eacute;pertoire courant &laquo;&nbsp;key.pem&nbsp;&raquo; qui contient la cl&eacute; priv&eacute;e et &laquo;&nbsp;cert.pem&nbsp;&raquo; qui contient les informations de certificat.<\/p>\n<p>Il est possible de renseigner directement ces informations en utilisant certaines options de la commande openssl&nbsp;: comme -subj afin de d&eacute;finir qui est l&rsquo;&eacute;metteur du certificat ou -passin et -passout afin de d&eacute;finir le mot de passe permettant d&rsquo;acc&eacute;der &agrave; la cl&eacute; priv&eacute;e.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>openssl req -x509 -newkey rsa:4096 -keyout key.pem -out cert.pem -sha256 -days 1000 -subj &ldquo;\/C=CH\/ST=BERN\/L=LA NEUVEVILLE\/O=VISIATIV\/OU=VISIATIV SOLUTIONS&rdquo; -passin pass:CeciEstMonMotDePasse -passout pass:CeciEstMonMotDePasse<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"section-3\" class=\"mod--anchor-scroller anchor-final acf-section\">\n<h2 class=\"h3 section-title\">R&eacute;sultat<\/h2>\n<div class=\"acf-row\">\n<div class=\"acf-cell size-1\">\n<div class=\"free-content\">\n<p>Voici les r&eacute;sultats en image de ce que vous devez obtenir&nbsp;:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img width=\"601\" height=\"587\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/legacy-news-uploads\/fr\/2023\/02\/CH_TT_LRE_Certificate_1.png\" class=\"alignnone\"\/> <img width=\"601\" height=\"210\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/legacy-news-uploads\/fr\/2023\/02\/CH_TT_LRE_Certificate_2.png\" class=\"alignnone\"\/><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"section-4\" class=\"mod--anchor-scroller anchor-final acf-section\">\n<h2 class=\"h3 section-title\">Auteur de l&rsquo;article<\/h2>\n<div class=\"acf-row\">\n<div class=\"acf-cell size-1\">\n<div class=\"free-content\">\n<p><span>Lionel R&eacute;veill&egrave;re, Application Engineer chez Visiativ<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/article>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Un certificat &eacute;lectronique permet de s&rsquo;assurer de l&rsquo;identit&eacute; d&rsquo;un interlocuteur. Le format le plus utilis&eacute; pour les certificats num&eacute;riques est le X.509. Celui-ci repose sur une hi&eacute;rarchie d&rsquo;autorit&eacute; de certifications. Dans le syst&egrave;me X.509, une autorit&eacute; de certification attribue un certificat liant une cl&eacute; publique &agrave; un nom distinctif. Il est possible de se passer [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":0,"featured_media":77322,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1526],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v22.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Comment g\u00e9n\u00e9rer un certificat auto-sign\u00e9? - Visiativ CH<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.visiativ.ch\/fr\/blog\/comment-generer-un-certificat-auto-signe\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"de_DE\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Comment g\u00e9n\u00e9rer un certificat auto-sign\u00e9? - Visiativ CH\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Un certificat &eacute;lectronique permet de s&rsquo;assurer de l&rsquo;identit&eacute; d&rsquo;un interlocuteur. Le format le plus utilis&eacute; pour les certificats num&eacute;riques est le X.509. Celui-ci repose sur une hi&eacute;rarchie d&rsquo;autorit&eacute; de certifications. Dans le syst&egrave;me X.509, une autorit&eacute; de certification attribue un certificat liant une cl&eacute; publique &agrave; un nom distinctif. 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